Session 33 - Hydrology and water resources management

[CEST2019_00923] Monitoring and treatment of cyanobacterial contaminated surface waters in France and Cyprus
by Antoniou M.G., Brient L., Tsiarta N., Keliri E., Christofi M., Hadjiouraniou G., Sukenik A.

Over the past few decades eutrophication of surface water has increased worldwide because of different anthropological activities including land fertilization and sewage run-offs; in combination with climate change. Excessive amount of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen), is now detected in freshwater lakes, artificially made reservoirs, and streams. Cyanobacterial nuisance in surface waters is among the most current environmental issues as it causes socio-economical problems. CYANOS is a two-year bilateral project funded from the Research Promotion Foundation of Cyprus and the Campus France of France with interdisciplinary activities that combines surface water monitoring and on-site water treatment for the restoration of eutrophic surface waters. Specifically, CYANOS aims to monitor the seasonal variation of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyano-HABs) in the surface waters of Cyprus and France and explore emerging on-site treatments to control their formation.

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 17:06 to 17:09
Flash presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00884] An Assessment of Soil Erosion Using Rusle Model: A Case Study from the Marmara Region
by Ezer A., Guven B.

The aim of the study is applying the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) with the help of remote sensing and geographic information system techniques to calculate soil loss and to map soil erosion of the Marmara Region of Turkey in the changing climate conditions between 1989 and 2017, and also to make future projection of soil erosion for the years between 2020 and 2049. This model is composed of variety of factors associated with climate, vegetation, soil and topography.The results of the study showed that according to the two scenarios of the Regional Climate Model RCP 4.5 (optimistic), and RCP 8.5 (pessimistic), the future soil loss of the Marmara Region in the changing rainfall events is higher than the results of the historical data. The soil loss results for the time interval 2020-2049 of the scenario RCP8.5 is 61% higher than the results of the scenario RCP4.5. Also, the soil loss results of the historical data of the Regional Climate Model showed that the soil loss range from 0 to 24,298 Mg. ha-1. year—1 during the time interval 1989 – 2017 in the Marmara Region, and also the average soil loss is 12,2 Mg. ha-1. year—1 .

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 16:15 to 16:30
Oral presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00846] Fuzzy Relation Between The RDIst Index And The Water Table Of A Coastal Aquifer of Nestos Delta, Greece
by Papadopoulos Ch., Gkiougkıs I., Spiliotis M., Pliakas F., Papadopoulos B.

Drought is a complicated natural extreme event associated with the decline of water availability below the normal conditions of a hydrological system, both from a temporal and from a spatial point of view. This work aims to assess the drought impacts on groundwater fluctuation in a shallow coastal unconfined aquifer via fuzzy approach. Meteorological drought intensity is estimated by the Standardized Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDIst) based on precipitation (P) and potential evapotranspiration (PET). In addition, groundwater modeling is carried out using MODFLOW and then, the simulated values of water table (WT) of a coastal unconfined aquifer are utilized. In order to relate the RDIst with WT, a fuzzy linear regression (FLR) is applied. FLR based on Tanaka model produces a fuzzy band, where all the data must be included within, incorporating the system uncertainty. The suitability of the achieved fuzzy regression model is tested by using appropriate measures. The propounded methodology is applied in the eastern area of Nestos River Delta, Prefecture of Xanthi, Greece.

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 16:00 to 16:15
Oral presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00827] Revision of the Scarcity State Indicator in the Spanish Drought Management Plans
by Palop-Donat C., Paredes-Arquiola J., Andreu J.

Droughts are one of the gravest natural threats currently existing in the world and their occurrence and intensity might be exacerbated due to Climate Change. Scarcity is defined as the period when demand does not accomplish the normal reliability levels due to poor water management. Water and drought management plans (DMP) prevent scarcity periods by anticipating to drought and adapting to limited water resources. DMP in Spain were updated in December 2018. Two types of indicators were included: The Prolonged Drought Indicator and the Scarcity State Indicator (SSI). This study presents a comparison of the SSI among seven river basins in Spain, with the aim of making a starting point for its optimization and computation. The scarcity indicator is based on the relationship between the availability of resources and demands, identifying situations of short-term deficit in each of the areas defined. Its computation consists of a seven-step iterative process. Results detect two different approaches when determining the threshold values for the SSI. One method bases the threshold estimation on the risk of supply of the demands while the other obtains the threshold values from direct statistics of historical variables.

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 17:03 to 17:06
Flash presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00808] Water Salinization in Iran: Spatial Variation of Salinity in Groundwater Resources of North West (Urmia Lake)
by Mosaferi M., Shakerkhatibi M., Jahanimoghaddam H., Esmat Saatloo M.

This study presents the quality of drinking water in terms of salinity in the western margin of Urmia Saline Lake (USL), Iran. During the study a total of 121 samples from 116 wells and 5 springs were collected which constitute drinking water resources of 301 villages in the study area. Approximately more than 30% of the water resources were brackish or saline. The maximum EC is recorded at 3060 µs/cm, which is more than 2500 µs/cm recommended by the European Union. The minimum EC is 410 µs/cm with an average of 980± 495µs/cm. The brackish water resources were located in the northern parts, middle parts and also in the southeast. Unfortunately, in water resources of the study area, salinity seems to be high. This issue should be addressed as a serious concern by managers of water sector.

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 17:00 to 17:03
Flash presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00729] Simulating nutrient loads in an intensively cultivated Mediterranean watershed under current and projected climate conditions
by Pisinaras V., Kamidis N., Koutrakis E.T., Hatzigiannnakis E.,Panagopoulos A.

On the global scale, agriculture constitutes the most significant non-point pollution source for surface water bodies, especially in terms of nitrogen and phosphorus. Located in northeastern Greece, Vistonis basin, in which agricultural activities are widely developed, constitutes the area that discharges into Vistonis estuarine system, which is very significant both from the environmental and economic perspective. SWAT model was used in order to quantify discharge, nitrogen and phosphorus loads for the period 2003-2014, after calibration and validation. Simulation results indicated significant variation in nutrient loads, while their contribution on a massive fish kill event that took place on summer 2014 was found to be potentially significant. Nutrient loads variation were further investigated using projected, bias-corrected climate data from 3 Regional Climate Models (RCMs) for the periods 2021-2040 and 2061-2080. The results demonstrated decreasing trend in nutrient loads due to decrease in river discharge driven by precipitation decrease.

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 16:45 to 17:00
Oral presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00707] Investigation of Shoreline Morphometry of Kızılırmak Delta’s Lagoons Using Fractal Dimension and Shoreline Development Index
by Uyar A., Ozturk D.

In this study, shoreline morphometry of the Karaboğaz, Balık, Uzun, Cernek, Liman, Gıcı and Tatlı lagoons which are located in the Kızılırmak Delta, was investigated by using fractal dimension and shoreline development index. The shorelines of the lagoons were obtained from Landsat 8 OLI satellite images of June 4, 2017, using remote sensing-image processing techniques including Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), Gram-Schmidt pan-sharpening method and Iterative Self Organizing Data Analysis Technique (ISODATA) unsupervised classification method. In order to investigate the relationship between fractal dimension and the environmental conditions, also shoreline development index and the environmental conditions, the vegetation conditions in the surrounding of the lagoons were determined using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) algorithm. The result of the study reveals that the relationship between fractal dimension and NDVI is much stronger than the relationship between shoreline development index and NDVI.

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 15:30 to 15:45
Oral presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00525] Hydrological and hydraulic modelling for a severe flood event in Sperchios River Basin
by Bournas A., Feloni E., Bertsioy M., Baltas E.

A combined hydrological and hydraulic analysis is presented for an extreme flood event occurred on February 6, 2012 in Sperchios River Basin, located in Central Greece. This event caused the river’s overflow and, consequently, several damages to infrastructure and agricultural land. Sperchios River Basin is a case of ungauged basin and only rainfall measurements of fine temporal scale are available. The hydrological analysis was performed with the aid of the Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) to incorporate and combine different methods concerning the rainfall-runoff transformation, the hydrological losses, the river routing and the baseflow recession, and finally to generate the flood hydrograph. The hydrological analysis output was then used in the River Analysis System (HEC-RAS), which has the ability to model unsteady flow through a river channel network and produces the water profiles, velocity and inundation maps of the flood plain. The implementation of this integrated model for historic flood events in such ungauged basins is useful for reducing the uncertainty and developing robust flood forecasting and early warning systems in order to reduce life casualties and mitigate losses due to flooding.

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 17:09 to 17:12
Flash presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00453] How to identify a representative subset of hydro-climatic simulations for impact modelling studies?
by Pechlivanidis I.G., Gupta H., Bosshard T.

Uncertainties in hydro-climatic projections are (in part) related to different components of the modeling chain. Although a combination of numerous projections (ensemble) would be needed to characterize the overall uncertainty, in practice a small set of scenario combinations are constructed to provide users with a subset that is manageable for decision-making. The approach is based on a framework, rooted in the information theoretic Maximum Information Minimum Redundancy (MIMR) concept, for identifying a representative subset from an available large ensemble of hydro-climatic projections. We analyze an ensemble of 16 precipitation and temperature projections for Sweden, and use these as inputs to the HBV hydrological model to simulate river discharge until the mid of the 21st century. Representative subsets are judged in terms of different statistical characteristics for precipitation, temperature and discharge and the sensitivity of the identified subset is assessed for different seasons and future periods. Results indicate that a 20-35% subset of the available set of projections can represent a large fraction (more than 80%) of the ensemble range of hydro-climatic changes. We find that the identified representative subsets are sensitive to the regional hydro-climatic characteristics and the choice of variables, seasons and future periods.

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 15:45 to 16:00
Oral presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00380] Reliable in-Situ Sensing of Water Quality Parameters Using Low Cost Autonomous Analysers
by Donohoe A., Hazel C., McCluskey P., McCaul M., Diamond D.

A sensing platform for the in situ, real-time analysis of phosphate in natural waters has been realised using a combination of microfluidics, colorimetric reagent chemistries, low-cost LED-based optical detection and wireless communications. Prior to field deployment, the platform was tested in the laboratory where a total of 459 autonomous measurements were performed (153 each of low calibration standard, high calibration standard and sample). The platform was subsequently field-deployed in Dublin Bay at the mouth of the Tolka Estuary, County Dublin, Ireland, to track changes in phosphate continuously at a transitional water body site previously identified as at risk. Initial data from 10/04/19 to 17/04/19 is presented, comprising 168 autonomous measurements (56 each of low calibration standards, high calibration standards and sample).

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 15:00 to 15:30
Oral presentation in Hydrology and water resources management
[CEST2019_00073] From system concept to serious game: the SIM4NEXUS approach to policy-relevant nexus research
by Sušnik J., Masia S., Khoury M., Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia L., Brouwer F., Riegels N., Domingo X., Echeverria L., Evans B., Savić D.

There is growing interest in using serious games for a wide range of applications and in the water-energy-food/land-climate nexus, where interactions in one sector lead to impacts in other sectors. Much practice revolves around sectoral silos, with little consideration of wider impacts. Serious games could help erode these silos, fostering efforts towards holistic policy making, where impacts can be explored and assessed without real consequences. SIM4NEXUS (www.sim4nexus.eu) develops policy-relevant serious games for 12 case studies, and is achieved by close case study stakeholder involvement, from qualitative system design, policy analysis, quantitative model development and serious game testing and playing. SIM4NEXUS covers five nexus sectors and develops scientifically-robust system dynamics models assessing nexus relationships. Models explore the impacts of changes in one sector on all other sectors. The SIM4NEXUS serious games ‘play’ the underlying models in a way accessible to those not familiar with modeling. Through intelligent game design, nexus-wide policy and climate impacts can be effectively communicated to stakeholders and policy makers while being fun to play, offering opportunity for nexus exploration in an educational setting. This work details the process in SIM4NEXUS, emphasising the constant stakeholder collaboration to ensure that the research and outputs remain relevant and accessible.

Session: 33, Room: C, at Fri, 09/06/2019 - 16:30 to 16:45
Oral presentation in Hydrology and water resources management