Session 48 - Environmental planning, management and policies

[CEST2019_00696] Market and Trade Network Analysis of the EU Emission Trading System
by Dimos S., Evangelatou E., Fotakis D., Mantis A., Mathioudaki A.

The European Union Emission Trading System (EU ETS) is the world’s largest cap-and-trade system. The observed price instabilities and the oversupply of the allowances are two characteristics that affect the objectives and the efficiency of the policy. In this article, we investigate the impact of storing allowances, i.e. banking, in terms of the price level, transaction volume and importance in the underlying trading network. To that end, we used data from the EU Transaction Log (EUTL) until 2014 in conjunction with a variety of important price determinants. Using a sectoral analysis through the years, we observe that the regulated actors’ participation increases in the transaction network, in contrast to the purely financial actors that exhibit an opposite trend. Furthermore, we quantify the relationship between banking and the carbon price by applying multiple regression on the price, considering many possible price determinants, both financial and EU ETS systemic in nature. We claim that after considering these factors, banking is a notable price determinant. Finally, we examine the network of transactions of allowances with respect to the role of financial and regulated nodes. We identify the intermediary role of financial nodes from their significance in the network structure.

Session: 48, Room: F, at Sat, 09/07/2019 - 13:00 to 13:15
Oral presentation in Environmental planning, management and policies
[CEST2019_00386] Assessing the Ecological Footprint of Natural Science Students: A Case Study of Düzce University
by Gültekin P., Gültekin Y.S., Dogan T.G.

People are consuming the nature's products and services because all people act on earth. The concept of ecological footprint is accepted as an important indicator of sustainable life issue and calculating human impact on nature. Education should be started from the relevant part of the society which are the natural science students in order to enable people to realize the negative effects they have on nature and to direct them to reduce their ecological footprints. Educators and youngsters working in the field of natural sciences, adopting sustainable living principles as a way of life, are accepted as the most effective stakeholders creating environmental awareness and understanding the importance of the subject. In this study, ecological footprints were calculated and evaluated according to the consciousness and consumption habits of Düzce University forestry faculty landscape architecture and forest engineering students. In the study, ecological footprint calculation questionnaire was used as the data collection tool. Full counting method was used in the data collection stage. A questionnaire was applied to the students. Descriptive and descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the data. As a result of the calculations, suggestions were made to reduce ecological footprint averages and to increase environmental awareness.

Session: 48, Room: F, at Sat, 09/07/2019 - 12:30 to 12:45
Oral presentation in Environmental planning, management and policies
[CEST2019_00387] Assesment of Green Campuses for Sustainable Cities and Society with UI Green Metric: A Case Study of Düzce University
by Gültekin P.

Sustainability is a very important issue for universities. This situation concerning with size of area that they have, number of students, academicians, administrative staff, their excessive consumption of energy and materials. Related to these conditions, Universities have big impacts on environment and nature either explicit or implicit. Certain leading universities have performed comprehensive projects to develop sustainability of the campuses. To understand and assess the efficient sustainability of campuses and universities, lots of evaluation tools have been improved. In this research, Green Metric Index has been used which was developed by Indonesia University (UI) in 2010. This model is one of the most used in the world and evaluates the sustainability of the campuses. This tool uses six main criteria: Setting and Infrastructure (SI), Energy and Climate Change (EC), Waste (WS), Water (WR), Transportation (TR) and Education (ED). Several indicators describe each of the six main categories and these define the significant issues of sustainability. In this paper with the use of observational analyses, Konuralp Campus of Düzce University has been evaluated with using Green Metric Index in terms of Sustainable Campus. In consequence of the research, positive and negative conditions in terms of Green Metrics have been determined and provided suggestions have been developed.

Session: 48, Room: F, at Sat, 09/07/2019 - 12:45 to 13:00
Oral presentation in Environmental planning, management and policies
[CEST2019_00336] Innovative methods of ground improvement for two problematic UK railway earthwork materials
by Mavroulidou M., Safdar Mu., Gunn Mj., Gray C., Payne I., Garelick J., Purchase D.

The paper focuses on emerging (bio-) chemical techniques used to improve engineering properties of two problematic earthwork materials of the UK rail network to address transport earthwork infrastructure resilience in view of climate change. Studied techniques include novel cementing agents (e.g. alkali-activated cements), and/or soil cementation through calcite precipitation mediated by screened and isolated non-pathogenic indigenous bacteria, enhanced by bioaugmentation and electrokinetic treatment. The proposed treatments were evaluated based on unconfined compressive strength (UCS). For the ash, regular cement gave the best results however the feasibility of using alternative stabilisers merits further study. UCS and CaCO3 measurements proved biocementation of peat for a number of treatment combinations. Electrokinetic treatment enhanced the strength of the peat. Ongoing work is carried out to optimise treatments and implementation methods towards the upscaling of the techniques.

Session: 48, Room: F, at Sat, 09/07/2019 - 12:00 to 12:15
Oral presentation in Environmental planning, management and policies
[CEST2019_00348] Strategic Spatial Planning for Green Infrastructure. The case of the metropolitan area of Thessaloniki
by Pozoukidou G., Sagovits V.

Intense and varying environmental challenges have become one of the most pressuring goals that contemporary cities struggle to meet. Climate change, excessive urbanization and fragmentation of space are just some of the issues that contemporary cities are called to respond to. Thus, finding an effective approach to improve the quality of urban areas has proved crucial to cities all around the world. Green Infrastructure (GI) practices emerge as a key measure for cities that seek to increase their resilience to climate change and provide a quality place for people. Through strategic spatial planning, GI can be considered as one of the most appropriate multi-faceted approaches to reciprocate to a constantly changing urban landscape. In the metropolitan area of Thessaloniki there has been no GI planning so far. However, existing and prospective green, open and natural areas can play a catalytic role in the development of a GI network. To address this gap, the paper presents the methodology used for the development of a strategic spatial planning approach for GI in the metropolitan area of Thessaloniki.

Session: 48, Room: F, at Sat, 09/07/2019 - 12:15 to 12:30
Oral presentation in Environmental planning, management and policies
[CEST2019_00317] The Environmental Impact of Tourism and their Effect on Cultural Heritage
by Fragkou D., Sinou M.

The natural and cultural heritage, peculiar and living cultures are great tourist attraction. The intensive and inefficient management of tourism and the association with this development can damage the nature, integrity and the dominant characteristics of these. In this way the ecological structure, cultural features and life style of the host community can also be degraded, as is the experience of the visitor in this place. The architecture of tourism in Greece is “pressed” by overexploitation and the need to offer more and more benefits and amenities. It is therefore necessary to search for and formulate a new architectural example. An architecture that will look for the “less” form, the unintentional materiality and will aim at the minimal (environmental) footprint.
The purpose of this lecture is to underline that the relevant legislation for the protection of sites, buildings and residential complexes did not have the expected results. The architecture of tourism in Greece, the morphological integration of new buildings into traditional architectural ensembles, overexploitation of natural resources and the alteration of the environment lead to the distortion of the truth about the concept of authentic and truly traditional architecture. The subject approach will be made through the presentation of examples.

Session: 48, Room: F, at Sat, 09/07/2019 - 11:45 to 12:00
Oral presentation in Environmental planning, management and policies
[CEST2019_00297] The need for setting optimal geographical and temporal boundaries for infrastructure project design and EIA, and how science and technology can help
by Venables R.K.

All infrastructure projects generate significant effects on the environment and their surrounding communities, but to varying degrees depending on their nature, scale and context. The environmental impact assessment process, despite its title, attempts to assess the social effects of projects alongside environmental impacts.
However, EIAs are often undertaken after the overall scope of the project has been settled. Strategic environmental assessment (SEA), on the other hand, is a framework for ensuring that environmental and sustainability impacts are integrated into high-level government policy, planning and programme making, and provides a systematic process that is aimed at bringing up-to-date scientific methods to environmental assessments.
Major infrastructure projects lie somewhere in between, because they often have impacts at a wide range of scales, and often visit their benefits and adverse impacts unequally to different communities and other stakeholder groups.
This paper examines the challenge of optimising geographical and temporal boundaries for the overall framing of infrastructure projects with the objective of minimising the significant adverse impacts and the number of people affected, and maximising the benefits to the greatest number of people. It concludes with comment on how science & technology might help support this process.

Session: 48, Room: F, at Sat, 09/07/2019 - 11:30 to 11:45
Oral presentation in Environmental planning, management and policies
[CEST2019_00082] Dynamic heat map as a part of the regional energy transition
by Wern B., Noll F.

Heat maps show the heat and cold demand of residential, commercial and industrial buildings as well as the waste heat from industry. They combine these two aspects in order to plan new heating/cooling networks. By planning the thermal energy supply in a central way, the efficiency of the energy production and the overall exergy rate are also increased. The paper will present the methods of modern web-based heat mapping with a user oriented interface in the example of Saarland region, Germany. An overview of the heat demand survey including development of building and settlement typology by clustering as a base of the heat mapping will be given.

Session: 48, Room: F, at Sat, 09/07/2019 - 13:15 to 13:30
Oral presentation in Environmental planning, management and policies