[CEST2019_00966] Expansion of the 3T method for the assessment of various Energy-from-Waste technologies
by Vakalis S., Moustakas K., Malamis D., Loizidou M.
The term “energy from waste” refers to technologies that utilize waste streams for energy production. However, for the energy production by means of thermal treatment of non-hazardous waste it is usually the term “waste-to-energy” that is commonly used. The Waste Framework Directive 2008/98/EU separates the waste management strategies into Recovery Operations and Disposal Operations (ANNEXES I and II respectively). Waste-to-energy technologies that use waste as fuel for energy generation are considered Recovery Operations, i.e. R 1. When the scope is the destruction/ reduction of the waste before landfilling, the waste-to-energy technologies are considered Disposal Operations, i.e. D 10. This issue has been of high importance because each waste-to-energy facility can potentially fall into both categories according to the assessment tool that sets the bar. In order to address this issue European Commission integrated the R1 formula in the second revision of the Waste Framework Directive of 2008 and improved it in the Directive 2015/1127/EU that entered into force from July 31st, 2016. It should be stated for the record that the R1 formula has been a very helpful tool for assessing waste-to-energy plants and has set the general framework. The problems with the use of the R1 formula start from the fact the formula is not thermodynamically consistent since it is self-proclaimed to be more a “utilization efficiency” formula rather than a pure energy efficiency.
Session: 52, Room: D,
at Sat, 09/07/2019 - 16:45 to 17:00
Oral presentation in Biowaste